델타스 NG 토플독해(Delta's NG Toefl Reading Sections)
Questions 3-4
Coral reefs are one of the earth's most ancient ecosystems and also the richest, most diverse, and most beautiful ecosystems in any ocean. The huge cities built by corals provide shelter and food for billions of other marine animals. A quarter of all sea creatures depend on coral reefs uring some part of their life cycles.
In the past century, the ocean's surface temperature has risen an average of 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit. It has taken only this slight increase in sea-surface temperature to sicken the world's coral reefs. The brilliant blue, purple, green, gold and pink have begun to disappear as a disease called bleaching drains the color and the life from the reefs. Scientists have reported mass bleaching on reefs in the Caribbean, in southern Japan, in Indonesia, and on the world's largest coral reef, the Great Barrier Reef, where the corals have bleached to a dirty white.
Bleaching has killed more corals than all other causes combined. More than 16 percent of the world's corals have sickened and died from bleaching. Millions of aquatic animals that depend directly or indirectly on corals have died as well--anemones, sponges, mollusks, shrimp, crabs, fish, turtles, and seabirds--making the loss of corals a catastrophe for the natural world. [195 words]
3. Which of the following is NOT stated about coral reefs?
1) They are among the oldest ecosystems in the world.
2) They have caused sea-surface temperatures to rise.
3) They are brilliantly colored when they are healthy.
4) They supply shelter for a diversity of marine life.
4. All of the following are effects of the bleaching of coral reef EXCEPT
1) fading colors
2) loss of dependent animals
3) death of corals
4) rising water level
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해설
3. B: The passage does not state that coral reefs have caused sea-surface temperatures to rise. All the other answers are given: Coral reefs are one of the earth's most ancient ecosystems...; The brilliant blue, purple, green, gold, and pink have begun to disappear as a disease called bleaching drains the color and the life from the reefs; The huge cities built by corals provide shelter and food for billions of other marine animals.
4. D: Rising water level is not given as an effect of the bleaching of coral reefs. All the other answers are given: ...bleaching drains the color...; Millions of aquatic animals that depend directly or indirectly on corals have died as well...; Bleaching has killed more corals....