델타스 NG 토플독해(Delta's NG Toefl Reading Sections)
QUESTIONS 8-10
Landscape architects design landscapes in residential areas, public parks, and commercial zones. They are hired by many types of organizations, from real estate firms starting new developments to municipalities constructing airports or parks. They usually plan the arrangement of vegetation, walkways, and other natural features of open spaces.
In planning a site, landscape architects first consider the nature and purpose of the project, the funds available, and the proposed elements. Next, they study the site and map such features as the slope of the land, the positions of existing buildings, existing utilities, roads, fences, walkways, and trees. Then working either as the leader of a design team or in consultation with the project architect or engineer, they draw up plans to develop the site. If the plans are approved, they prepare working drawings to show all existing proposed features. They outline the methods of constructing features and draw up lists of building materials.
Newcomers to the field usually start as junior drafters, tracing drawings and doing other simple drafting work for architectural, landscape architectural, or engineering firms. After two or three years, they can carry a design through all stages of development. Highly qualified landscape architects may become associates in private firms, but usually those who progressthis far open their own offices.[212 words]
8. Landscape archItects do all of the following EXCEPT
1) design landscapes in residential and commercial zones
2) decide where to build walkways in public parks
3) draw or paint scenes from the natural environment
4) plan the arrangement of vegetation and other natural features
9. All of the following are listed as stages in the landscape design process EXCEPT
1) thinking about the project's purpose and the funding
2) building a fence around the construction site
3) making drawings that include old and new features
4) preparing lists of building materials and methods
10. How do most landscape architects begin their careers?
1) They lead the design team of a small landscaping project.
2) They apply for a position as an associate in a private company.
3) They do drafting work for an architectural or engineering firm.
4) They open their own business as a landscape architect.
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해설:
8. C: Landscape architects do not draw or paint scenes from the natural environment. All the other answers are given: Landscape architects design landscapes in residential areas, public parks, and commercial zones; They usually plan the arrangement of vegetation, walkways, and other natural features of open spaces.
9. B: The passage does not list building a fence around the construction site as a stage in the landscape design process. All the other answers are listed: ...land scape architects first consider the nature and purpose of the project, the funds available...; ...they prepare working drawings to show all existing and proposed features; They outline the methods of constructing features and draw up lists building materials.
10. C: Clues: Newcomers to the field usually start as junior drafters...doing other simple drafting work for architectural, landscape architectural, or engineering firms.